The MOE process uses electricity to reduce metals from an oxide form to molten metal products, which in the case of niobium could be used for the aerospace, oil and gas pipelines, and energy generation sectors.

Bill Gates' Breakthrough Energy Ventures led a US$20 million funding round in Boston Metal in January 2019, citing its potential to reduce carbon emissions by using electricity rather than smelting.

First commissioning at the CBMM plant is expected later this year.